{"id":27140,"date":"2024-03-02T13:27:26","date_gmt":"2024-03-02T13:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/?page_id=27140"},"modified":"2024-03-08T14:44:32","modified_gmt":"2024-03-08T14:44:32","slug":"glossary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/index.php\/glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"27140\" class=\"elementor elementor-27140\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3d8fc066 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3d8fc066\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a78d7c\" data-id=\"5a78d7c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dcb139a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dcb139a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Glossary<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-58f92d5e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"58f92d5e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-59f2240c\" data-id=\"59f2240c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e9f8125 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4e9f8125\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">A<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b069f8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b069f8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Atrial Tachycardia;<\/strong>\u00a0is the name for an arrhythmia caused by a disorder of the impulse generation in the atrium or the AV node. An area in the atrium sends out rapid signals, which are faster than those of the sinus node, these signals then become the primary pacemaker in the heart. Sustained tachycardia can occur but more often the arrhythmia occurs in short bursts. See\u00a0<strong>Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia<\/strong>\u00a0PSVT.<\/p><p><strong>Accessory AV Pathway or Bypass Tract;<\/strong>\u00a0an extra (in addition to the AV node) electrical connection called the bypass tract is present between the atria and the ventricles. AV Reentry Tachycardia is frequently caused by the presence of the bypass tract. Where the bypass tract causes the QRS complex to become abnormal this condition is referred to as\u00a0<strong>Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) Syndrome<\/strong>.<\/p><p><strong>Arrhythmias;<\/strong>\u00a0abnormal heart rhythm. Disturbances of the hearts electrical system can cause several different heart rhythm problems. Slow rhythms generally occur when the electrical signal is blocked. Fast rhythms normally occur when the electrical signal takes the wrong path or the signal continues to travel in a circular path around the heart. The most serious arrhythmias cause the ventricle fibrillation (quiver, flutter) such that the heart cannot pump blood.<\/p><p><strong>Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dyplasia ARVD;<\/strong>\u00a0a familial cardiomyopathy. Progressive damage to the right ventricle muscle tissue giving rise to potentially life threatening tachycardia originating from the right ventricle.<\/p><p><strong>Atria;<\/strong>\u00a0The upper chambers in the heart, they receive blood from the veins and store it prior to each heartbeat.<\/p><p><strong>Atrial fibrillation (also known as A Fib or AF);<\/strong>\u00a0the electrical signals to the atrium become rapidly circulating waves continuously stimulating the atrium. The heart beat becomes very rapid. It is an example of supraventricular tachycardia.<\/p><p><strong>Atrial flutter;<\/strong>\u00a0the electrical activity around the atrium causes a very fast heartbeat (250-350), the electrical activity is not disorganised.<\/p><p><strong>Atrial Premature Beats, APBs;<\/strong>\u00a0an abnormal electrical signal in the atrium causes premature heartbeats. A fluttering feeling may be noted in the chest.<\/p><p><strong>Atrioventricular Nodal (AV) Reentry Tachycardia AVNRT;<\/strong>\u00a0an arrhythmia caused by the electrical signal travelling in a circular path around the heart. This happens due to extra tissue near to the AV node providing a bypass or short circuit. AV nodal reentrant tachycardia is the most common type of\u00a0<strong>Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia<\/strong>\u00a0PSVT &amp;\u00a0<strong>SVT<\/strong>.<\/p><p><strong>Atrioventricular Nodal (AV) Reentry Tachycardia;<\/strong>\u00a0see WPW and PSVT<\/p><p><strong>Atrioventricular Node (AV node);<\/strong>\u00a0the connection point between the atrium and the ventricles of the group of fibres that conduct the electrical signal controlling the heartbeat. See his-Purkinje system.<\/p><p><strong>AV Block, Heart Block or Bundle Block;<\/strong> this is not a physical blockage of blood flow, it is a blockage of the electrical signals. AV block occurs when the AV Node fails to properly conduct the impulses from the atria to the ventricles. AV block causes an abnormally slow heart rhythm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4986e71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4986e71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">B<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0fb31e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0fb31e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Bradycardia;<\/strong>\u00a0an arrhythmia that causes abnormally slow heart rhythm, the heart beat is less than 60 bpm.<\/p><p><strong>Brugada Syndrome;<\/strong> idiopathic ventricle fibrillation with right bundle branch block and ST segment elevation. This syndrome is more common in Japan and South East Asia.<\/p><p><strong>Bundle of His;<\/strong>\u00a0see His-Purkinje system.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2f4b5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"e2f4b5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">C<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4ae4dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b4ae4dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Cardiac cycle;<\/strong>\u00a0the cycle of events the heart valves and muscles go through in one heart beat.<\/p><p><strong>Cardiomyopathy;<\/strong>\u00a0the heart muscle is abnormal without any apparent cause.<\/p><p><strong>Congestive Cardiomyopathy;<\/strong> loss of pumping efficiency due to dilation, normally caused by alcoholism, diabetes or drug toxicity.<\/p><p><strong>Congestive Heart Failure;<\/strong>\u00a0the heart still functions but its ability to pump becomes reduced.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-306b9d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"306b9d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">D<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12ffc4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"12ffc4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Dilated Cardiomyopathy DCM;<\/strong>\u00a0fatal ventricular or bradycardia arrhythmia may be caused by diseased damaged heart tissue. Dilated means enlarged.<\/p><p><strong>Dysrhythmias;<\/strong> are abnormal heart rhythms that can decrease the heart\u2019s pumping effectiveness. Normally the heart beats at a rate of 60-100 times a minute. If left untreated, a dysrhythmia can lead to more serious cardiovascular problems and can be life-threatening. There are basic atrial, junctional, ventricular and sinus dysrhythmias.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e46a139 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"e46a139\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">E<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7f003d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f7f003d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Electrocardiogram, ECG, EKG;<\/strong>\u00a0the electrical signals controlling the heart rhythm are measured on the surface of the skin, the trace produced is used by doctors to see if an arrhythmia is present.<\/p><p><strong>Endocarditus;<\/strong> refers to inflammation of the endocardium (inner layer of the heart wall).<\/p><p><strong>Epicarditus;<\/strong>\u00a0refers to inflammation of the epicardium (external visceral layer of the heart wall).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9254718 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"9254718\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">F<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd8b8d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dd8b8d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Familial;<\/strong>\u00a0familial may be used with many of these terms when the condition is inherited.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2ad988 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"f2ad988\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">H<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e1d28f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e1d28f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>His-Purkinje system;<\/strong> the fibres that the electrical signal that controls the heart beat travel along, the pass over the atrium, through the AV node and over the ventricles.<\/p><p><strong>Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy HCM;<\/strong>\u00a0heart muscle thickening occurs without any apparent cause.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67abd10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"67abd10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">I<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55e4276 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"55e4276\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy;<\/strong>\u00a0idiopathic means unknown cause, thus the reason for the enlarged heart is unknown.<\/p><p><strong>Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardia;<\/strong>\u00a0differs from ventricular tachycardia because the fast heart rhythm does not arise from an underlying heart problem. With Idiopathic VT, disturbances in the electrical signal cause the ventricular tachycardia, this can occur due to exercise.<\/p><p><strong>Impulse Conduction;<\/strong>\u00a0the ability of the electrical signals to flow through the various tissues of the heart. An inability to correctly conduct the signals will result in an arrhythmia such as AV block.<\/p><p><strong>Impulse Generation;<\/strong>\u00a0the electrical signal controlling the rhythm is generated in the heart tissue. A disorder may cause a slow rhythm or a fast rhythm.<\/p><p><strong>Intra-atrial Reentry Tachycardia;<\/strong>\u00a0the electrical signal travels in a circular path around the atrium. See Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia PSVT.<\/p><p><strong>Ions;<\/strong>\u00a0the atoms of potassium, sodium and calcium have very small charges of electrical energy, the charge may be positive or negative. With the electrocardiogram we measure the movement of these ions in the heart tissue cells. The movement of calcium cells within the AV node are responsible for the impulse generation. Most of the hearts tissue cells are sodium dependant.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-310ac1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"310ac1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">M<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f95b31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0f95b31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Myocarditis<\/strong> (viral) is an inflammatory disease of the heart. This is usually the heart muscle but it can involve other tissues in the heart. Viral myocarditis has been demonstrated to be induced primarily by at least two types of viruses, enteroviruses and adenoviruses.<\/p><p><strong>Myocarditus;<\/strong>\u00a0refers to inflammation of the myocardium (middle layer of the heart wall).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14c5823 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"14c5823\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">N<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26c2ccf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"26c2ccf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Normal heart rate;<\/strong>\u00a0between 60 to 100 beats per minute.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe4dbd4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"fe4dbd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">P<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab59c85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ab59c85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Palpitation;<\/strong>\u00a0the patient feels an abnormal heart rhythm in the chest, this may be racing, fluttering fast arrhythmia or a slow heavy rhythm. Paroxysmal; a temporary disturbance.<\/p><p><strong>Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia PSVT;<\/strong>\u00a0this term can cover a number of arrhythmias caused by problems with the electrical signals conduction path. Reentry is normally present and is caused by a short circuit in the signals path near the AV node, this causes the signal to travel continuously in a circular path around the heart. Severe symptoms of palpitations, lightheadedness, shortness of breath, sweating, and chest pain may be present. See SVT.<\/p><p><strong>Pericardium;<\/strong> Heart enclosed in pericardial sack which confines heart to its position in medistinum, but still allows vigorous movement during exercise.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d03d0d elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"8d03d0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">R<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bb2fde elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1bb2fde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Reentry (reentrant):<\/strong>\u00a0is a common cause of tachycardia, it results if the electrical signal travel continuously around the heart in a circular pathway.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e18b24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5e18b24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">S<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2deaba0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2deaba0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>SADS (Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome):<\/strong>\u00a0Sudden arrhythmic death syndrome, or SADS, is when someone dies suddenly following a cardiac arrest and no obvious cause can be found. This affects around 500 people in the UK every year.<\/p><p><strong>SCA (Sudden Cardiac Arrest);<\/strong>\u00a0the abrupt loss of heart function, breathing and consciousness. The condition usually results from an electrical disturbance in your heart that disrupts its pumping action, stopping blood flow to your body.<\/p><p><strong>Sinoatrial or SA node or Sinus node;<\/strong>\u00a0these cells are situated in the right atrium, the electrical signal controlling the heartbeat starts from these cells.<\/p><p><strong>Sinus Bradycardia;<\/strong>\u00a0the sinus node, which normally controls the overall heart rate, is generating the electrical signals too slowly reducing the heart rate to less than 60bpm.<\/p><p><strong>Sinus tachycardia;<\/strong>\u00a0the sinus node is producing rapid electrical signals increasing the heart rate. Palpitations, lightheadedness and fatigue are often experienced.<\/p><p><strong>Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome (SADS);<\/strong>\u00a0Sudden arrhythmic death syndrome, or SADS, is when someone dies suddenly following a cardiac arrest and no obvious cause can be found. This affects around 500 people in the UK every year.<\/p><p><strong>Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA);<\/strong>\u00a0the abrupt loss of heart function, breathing and consciousness. The condition usually results from an electrical disturbance in your heart that disrupts its pumping action, stopping blood flow to your body<\/p><p><strong>Supraventricular arrhythmias;<\/strong>\u00a0supra means above, this is thus an arrhythmia produced in the tissues above the ventricles.<\/p><p><strong>Supraventricular tachycardia SVT;<\/strong> a rapid heartbeat starting from above the ventricles ie. in the sinus node, the atrium or the AV node. See AVNRT &amp; Atrial tachycardia.<\/p><p><strong>Syncope;<\/strong>\u00a0sudden and temporary loss of consciousness.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11c7144 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"11c7144\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">T<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35c0db4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35c0db4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Tachycardia;<\/strong> a fast heart rhythm, arrhythmias that cause the heart to beat above 100 bpm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60cfcfd elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"60cfcfd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">V<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1129d10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1129d10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ventricles;<\/strong>\u00a0The lower chambers of the heart that do main pumping work.<\/p><p><strong>Ventricular arrhythmias;<\/strong>\u00a0arise from the lower chambers of the heart.<\/p><p><strong>Ventricular fibrillation VF or V-Fib;<\/strong>\u00a0a disorganised fast rhythm of the lower chambers, it is often the cause of sudden death.<\/p><p><strong>Ventricular premature beats VPBs;<\/strong>\u00a0rise from the ventricles. The ventricles contract before the atria causing palpitations.<\/p><p><strong>Ventricular tachycardia VT or V-Tach;<\/strong> this arrhythmia causes a high (200\/300bpm) heart beat which prevents the ventricles filling correctly, this effectively stops the heart pumping and is potentially life threatening. The tachycardia generally starts from the edge of scar tissue from a previous heart attack.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bcd92a elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6bcd92a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">W<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be39453 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"be39453\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) Syndrome;<\/strong>\u00a0this is a particular form of PSVT that can be life-threatening, the electrical signal short-circuits and bypasses the AV node, this causes the QRS complex to become abnormal. The WPW Syndrome has been associated with sudden death in young people.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ce1918c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ce1918c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-583e5764 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"583e5764\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;bounceInDown&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f3da88a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5f3da88a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A Helping Hand For A Hoping Heart.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2952e8d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2952e8d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7156273e elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7156273e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Donate Now!<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Atrial Tachycardia;\u00a0is the name for an arrhythmia caused by a disorder of the impulse generation in the atrium or the AV node. An area in the atrium sends out rapid signals, which are faster than those of the sinus node, these signals then become the primary pacemaker in the heart. Sustained tachycardia can occur &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/index.php\/glossary\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Glossary<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-27140","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Glossary - SADS UK<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/index.php\/glossary\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Glossary - SADS UK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A Atrial Tachycardia;\u00a0is the name for an arrhythmia caused by a disorder of the impulse generation in the atrium or the AV node. An area in the atrium sends out rapid signals, which are faster than those of the sinus node, these signals then become the primary pacemaker in the heart. Sustained tachycardia can occur &hellip; Glossary Read More &raquo;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/index.php\/glossary\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SADS UK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/urgentmarketingsolutions\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-08T14:44:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/index.php\/glossary\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/index.php\/glossary\/\",\"name\":\"Glossary - SADS UK\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-03-02T13:27:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-03-08T14:44:32+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/index.php\/glossary\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/index.php\/glossary\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/index.php\/glossary\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Glossary\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/\",\"name\":\"SADS UK\",\"description\":\"Just another WordPress site\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/#organization\",\"name\":\"SADS UK\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/SADSUKLOGO.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/SADSUKLOGO.jpg\",\"width\":1770,\"height\":1652,\"caption\":\"SADS UK\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/urgentmarketingsolutions\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/urgentmarketingsolutions\/\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Glossary - SADS UK","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/sadsuk.org.uk\/index.php\/glossary\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Glossary - SADS UK","og_description":"A Atrial Tachycardia;\u00a0is the name for an arrhythmia caused by a disorder of the impulse generation in the atrium or the AV node. An area in the atrium sends out rapid signals, which are faster than those of the sinus node, these signals then become the primary pacemaker in the heart. 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